Fixed Gender Roles and Gender Tensions in A View from the Bridge - Literature Essay Samples

A View From the Bridge was set in the 1950s and reflects how men and women had set roles in society. Men, in the case of Eddie and Marco, are the breadwinners and paterfamilias of the family. Whilst on the other hand women should be demure, domestic, ladylike, and the caring heart of the family. They were supposed to orient themselves around the domestic sphere; their job was to stay at home to cook, clean and nurture the children. However, Miller challenges these expectations and fixed roles in his play, and does so in a manner that moves along the core conflicts and dramatic outcomes that his characters face. There is a sense of escape from this stereotypical role when Catherine reveals that she has been offered employment from a plumbing company, the height of her aspirations to be somedaya secretary. In addition, it is clear that in the Carbone household, nothing is done without Eddies say; hence whether Catherine takes the job hinges on Eddies approval. Neither of the women can challenge the right of Eddie to decide they can only encourage him. Attitudes shown by Catherine such as what right does Eddie have to decide my future are the sort of things that would encourage change. However at the sacrifice of a peaceful coexistence, Eddie and the male dominance in the Carbone household is not initially challenged. The play is ended with a typically masculine fight over the macho concept of†¯honour with the women passively looking on which personifies the typically perceived gender roles of the 1950s: that men are active, strong providers while women are passive and weak nurturers. â⠂¬ ¯However, with Miller perhaps implying that the fixed gender roles lead on to this tragic end, he is using the story as the evolution of gender roles and how the older generations are struggling to adapt to these changes. The outcome of the play is Millers over-exaggeration of what could happen if the friction between new and old ideologies continues and heightens. At the beginning of the play Miller introduces the characters by using the older generation as a means to set the norm. †¯Miller from the outset portrays Eddie as a stereotypical†¯paterfamila. The first time we are introduced to him he is†¯immediately†¯shown as a breadwinner who works manually on the docks, †¯Eddie Carbone, a longshoreman working the docks from Brooklyn Bridge to the breakwater where the open sea begins; †¯longshoremen are usually†¯associated with qualities such as being†¯strong and brave. Eddies†¯character†¯is quickly known to be irascible; this may be because of the building tensions between the different genders and generations. Eddie feels responsible for Catherine as he has taken on the ia†¯loco†¯parentis position over her because her parents have died; this makes him over protective and controlling as Alfieri states later in the play there can be too much love- some may argue that his love for her goes past a parenting point. †¯Katie, I promised your mother on her deathbed. Im responsible for you. Youre a baby, you dont understand these things†¯This shows how loving Eddie is to Catherine but how he is also under pressure by the past, he would feel responsible if anything happened to her. Catherine is the child Eddie and Beatrice†¯never had. Eddies metaphoric perception of Catherine as a baby implies that he believes that Catherine isnt fully capable of completing tasks that the same aged boys would be able to complete. Furthermore, Eddie acts as if she will be young forever and that he will be able to provide for the family forever. In this sense he is naive in not adapting and a ccepting the changing times. Eddie also uses a patronising tone when he states, you dont understand these things suggesting he is undermining his role as leader of the family by making Catherine feel small and insignificant. Through this opening duologue and dynamic between Catherine and Eddie, Miller establishes the seed of tension that will inevitably lead to conflict. This is due to Eddies inability to change. Beatrice is Eddies wife and has never worked before; she has a fixed gender role as the domestic figure in the household. She does not say much but her actions paint a real picture of the happenings; †¯Beatrice†¯enters [from the kitchen] wiping her hands with a towel.† In this singular stage direction we understand that she is†¯stuck in traditional roles. Miller shows this by using the setting as symbolism, the entrance from the kitchen and the action of wiping hands shows that she is still stuck in the cycle of doing stereotypical female roles. She coo ks and cleans and worries she hasnt†¯washed the walls†¯of the apartment before the†¯submarines†¯arrive. Eddie being the breadwinner who works is†¯appalled†¯and angered when she questions him, he shouts†¯whaddaya†¯you know? You lived in a house all your life. Women were inferior in intelligence, strength and power under men and were told to†¯revolve around the domestic sphere. On the other side there is Catherine, part of a new generation of teenagers. One of the expectations of a new teenager was not to conform to their parents’ rather fixed ideas about what they should be doing and instead take their independence. This was also the beginning of a desire for equality†¯amongst women and men. †¯However there is still symbolism of the male gaze throughout the play, (Eddie to Catherine) now dont you aggravate me, Katie you are walkin wavy! I dont like the looks theyre giving you in the candy store; and with them new high heels in the sidewalk clack, clack, clack. The heads are turnin like windmills. This makes it obvious that she is beautiful but it also emphasises how women have been objectified. Millers use of the symbolism of the candy store to represent the street full of boys staring at Catherine can also be seen as a sign of the light in which Eddie perceives her; candy stores are where children hang out not adults. The simile of like windmills is used to describe of how often head are turning to look at her; it is also a juxtaposition from candy store, comparing the colourful sweet candy store to the worker like conditions of a windmill is Eddie trying to show how she is not turning the right heads. The onomatopoeia clack, clack, clack also emphasises the childish approach Eddie has towards Catherine as using sounds before adjectives is what one would do to an infant. From early on in the play, Miller establishes tensions building and the tragic outcome of the play is inevitable with so many disagreements and collisions between characters beliefs and personalities. †¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ After Miller has established the setting of the Carbone household, the second episode of the play introduces the arrival of the Italian cousins. When these two characters arrive we start to see how this unbalances the established dynamic of the family. From this point on we can see how fixed gender roles that get blurred cause the familys closeness and functionality to unravel. The first cousin we are introduced to is Marco, the elder. We are given the idea that he is the leader and more mature of the two of them as he does all the talking for the opening confrontations between Tony and then Eddie. Miller introduces him through the detailed, descriptive stage directions. He is a square-built peasant of thirty two, suspicious, tender and quit voiced†¯This image of a square is a metaphor for his physical appearance, as Marco is stocky, strong and good for manual†¯labour. Similar to Eddie, his masculinity is directly associated with his physical strength. Marco is a typical Italian man. On top of his appearance, we also find out that he has a family to support, †¯my wife, she feeds them from her own mouth. I tell you the truth, if I stay there they will never grow up. Miller presents Marco as a dedicated husband and fat her. The way it is phrased in an emotive tone allows the audience to†¯sympathise†¯and respect him. Miller puts a lot of emphasis on the similarities between Marco and Eddie; they are both paterfamilias and protective over their family. They see hard work as their duty. However, Miller will turn this into a clash rather than a relationship that compliments each other. †¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ The other cousin we are introduced to is Rodolfo. From the outset we can tell that he is slightly different but the main clue is his hair†¯colour, †¯how come hes so dark and youre so light. †¯This is an antithetic presentation of Rodolfo as a blonde to Marco as a dark. The use of a physical difference is used by Miller to show he is the odd one out; this is significant as in that time period masculinity was associated with a large build and without this he is not seen as completely masculine so inferior. As well as that to Eddies dismay Catherine has taken a liking t o Rodolfo and there is a flirty exchange between the two, †¯do you like sugar? (Catherine) yes! I like sugar very much! (Rodolfo) (Eddie is downstage, watchinghis face puffed with trouble) The use of the symbolism of sugar is associated with sweetness and desire. Through his euphemism Miller implies quite obviously here that Catherine and Rodolfo are attracted to each other. Also when Rodolfo is asked to sing by Catherine he makes the symbolic choice to sing Paper Doll. Even at this early stage of the play Miller foreshadows Eddies feelings for Catherine; this song directly relates to Eddies emotions. †¯Ill tell you boys its†¯tough to†¯be alone. And its tough to love a doll thats not your ownIm†¯gonna†¯buy a paper doll that I can call my own, a doll that other fellow cannot steal. †¯These words show how Eddie feels towards Catherine. The idea of her growing up makes him feel lonely; she isnt his and as much as he tries he cant have her. Also, he tr ies to treat her like a doll: dress her up in girlish clothes and not let anyone play with her. He wants her to be a pure and innocent object so he can feel in control. Rodolfo singing this is directly opposing and making fun of Eddie to hid face in defiance. From the outset there is tension between the two figures that are so different but both have the same focus: Catherine. Eddie has a very set†¯view of masculinity; he associates being a man with†¯physical strength. It is symbolic that Eddie would choose boxing, as it is another way to show his dominance over Rodolfo. In the final episode of the first act, when he asks†¯if Rodolfo has boxed before, â€Å"betcha†¯you have done some, heh?† it is almost a rhetorical question, as he already knows the answer. Then when he offers to teach him, Eddie†¯is showing Rodolfo up for lacking skills that a normal male should be able to perform. †¯From†¯then on in this concluding episode of the act†¯there is an emphasis on actions over dialogue. This is†¯a motif†¯of Eddie’s repetitive†¯disgust†¯of Rodolfo’s lack of†¯stereotypical†¯male†¯requirements. Furthermore, †¯whilst teaching†¯him, he treats him as a child, using sarcastic gestures, †¯Ã¢â‚¬Å"sure, he’s†¯terrific! Look at him go!† At the end of Act one there is a stand off between Eddie and Marco. After seeing how Eddie treats his younger brother, Marco is determined to stamp authority to show that Eddie is no longer the only paterfamila in the household and that he should treat Rodolfo with respect. Can you lift this chair? was a direct question of Eddies strength, Gee, thats hard was Eddies show of failure in the challenge and then when Marco lifts the chair over his head, and with strain slowly raises the chair higher and higher, getting to his feet now, Rodolfo and Catherine have stopped dancing as Marco raises the chair over his head. it is a threat; all of Eddies stereotypical manly values have been crushed in his own home and domain showing that he is inferior. The act ends with a face off where Marco is face to face with Eddiethe chair raised like a weapon over Eddies head. The symbolism of the simile like a weapon is proleptic irony as it foreshadows the tragic outcome of the play between Marco and Eddie . This scene summarises the building up of tension between the two men and even though at the beginning of the play Eddie thought he could relate to Marco and would make some kind of alliance against Rodolfo, he is now aware of Marcos loyalty to his brother. Miller uses the end of the first act to set the tone for the next act. The gender roles are to blame for this increase of tension at the end of the first act as it provides a basis to segregate and discriminate people based on values that are pre-historic. The second act opens with Catherine and Rodolfo having an argument about what Rodolfos motives are to marry her. She asks the question Suppose I wanted to live in Italy. which is her way of asking the question Eddie planted in her head in Act 1, hes only bowin to his passporthe marries you hes got the right to be an American citizenthe guy is lookin for his break, thats all hes lookin for. Rodolfo takes great pride in this accusation and immediately realises that this is not completely her idea This is your question or his question? There are now tensions between them, as Eddie seems to get into both their heads trying to pull them apart. Miller uses a duologue here to isolate the relationship between Catherine and Rodolfo; it reveals the shadows of doubt that would not come to light if Eddie was present, almost because both the younger characters enjoy disagreeing with him. Without Eddies presence Rodolfo takes greater pride in is man hood and takes a stand for what he believes in, something that would not happen if Eddie were here. This could either be because of an underlying respect he has for Eddie or that he is scared of him. The first episode of Act two relies equally on the stage action where the end of Act One left off as the drunken Eddie kisses both Catherine, to show how a real man kisses, and Rodolfo, to show he enjoys it and also to humiliate him. The first kiss, which is near incestuous, and the second kiss, when a man kisses a man, will repel the audience. In 1955, when the play was first performed, the double kiss would be very shocking. Eddie has already lost the audiences sympathy, and loses it further when he calls the immigration office. The feeling of disagreement with Eddie will turn into hate as he is clearly made the villain of the play. Miller uses peripeteia at the end of the opening episode of Act 2. Eddie is losing the respect from his family and the audience largely due to his excessive male pride and need to be right. The play has been building towards Eddies boiling point and when he goes to see Alfieri but cant accept the truth because of his tunnel vision, which is his hamartia; the audience assumes that it will lead to the tragic outcome. Furthermore, it is ironic that Eddie is the one to be dishonourable as earlier in the play he was the one warning people about the Vinny Bolzano story, The family had an uncle that they were hidin in the house, and he snitched to the Immigrationthey grabbed him in the kitchen and pulled him down the stairsAnd they spit on him in the street, his own fathers and his brothers. Linking to this story when Marco is being taken away there is further dramatic irony, (Marco suddenly breaks from the group and dashes into the room and faces Eddie; Beatrice and first officer rush in as Marco spits into Eddie face)(as he is taken off, pointing back to Eddie) that one! He killed my children! That one stole the food from my children! These actions show hatred that is the contrast from the beginning of the play when they first met. Marco has gone from respecting Eddie to dishonouring his name. Marco has maintained his role as paterfamila and still his selfless character remains when he only focuses on his childrens loss not his own. It is very symbolic that he would spit at Eddie, as this is the same as the Vinny Bolzano story. The story is also used at the start of the play to represent Eddies pride and moral status that he holds over Vinny, however as the play progresses Miller uses this as any direct and obvious comparison between Vinny and Eddie to show that they are now on equal levels. A figure that was once ridiculed by Eddie is now the person that he has ended up becoming. The idea at the beginning of the play of these two characters looking and behaving very similar acted as a double edged sword in Eddie wanting to start a close friendship but instead, having a rivalry with him now. From Eddies view these are outrageous accusations to be made. Miller sets the scene between Eddie and Marco on the street. This public setting in front of the community of Red Hook is used by Miller to show that in a close-knit neighbourhood betraying one is the betrayal of everyone. He has been publically humiliated and everyone has disowned and abandoned him apart from Beatrice and even she is not in full support of him, Hes gonna take that back. Hes gonna take that back or Ill kill him! You hear me? Ill kill him! Emotions have come to the top and Eddie has lost control in his words and actions. This is almost a precursor to what is to come. The fact that fixed gender roles means that the women are less powerful and influential means that the dispute between the two pate rfamilias is left down to raw emotions and rash decisions. No outside view is provided because no one feels that they have the standing to voice their opinions directly. This leads to the outcome of the play. As the play begins to draw to an end the family seems to be divided. After the actions of the arrest and Eddie losing his honour and Marco being arrested, when the occasion of Catherine’s wedding to Rodolfo comes around it is obvious that there would be tension and disagreements. The first clue is how Beatrice approaches Eddie when telling him she was going out, (with fear, going to Eddie). Millers presentation of fixed gender roles are shown here as Beatrice feels intimidated and less powerful than Eddie down to the difference in sexes, the adjective fear shows that she is worried that something might happen to her and feels in danger. This attitude is one that many other characters in the play have towards Eddie which allows him to keep his role in charge, if the gende r hierarchy was not a thing Eddie could of had his opinions challenged earlier on in the play. Eddie is almost in a depressive mood and where as usually would shout he is drained of energy, (quietly, almost inaudibly, as though drained). Eddie is presented with a dilemma: allow Beatrice, his only ally and friend right now, to attend her nieces wedding or risk losing her and spend his time alone looked down on by everyone? Miller presents Eddie as being the antagonist but also the protagonist. Eddie actively opposes Catherine’s wedding and is being very hostile to Beatrice, You walk out that door to that wedding you aint comin back here, Beatrice. At the same time he is the centre of attention and other people are coming to him as the protagonist, everyone is coming to him and every time his narrow minded approach is denying a peaceful outcome. Eddies tragic flaw is the thing that leads to his death and the outcome of the play. He cannot accept that he may be at fault, as well so nothing short of an apology from Marco will do. I want my respect. Didnt you ever hear of that? From my wife? Even his closest and dearest wife is in disagreement with him, which does not bode well for when he sees Marco again. I want my name!Marcos got my namehes gonna give it back to me in front of this neighbourhood, or we have it out. Eddies repeated use of the imperative I want suggests that he has become very selfish, his mind set of only caring for the family has gone and now is fixated about his image and his needs. This is dramatic irony as the audience are aware that Eddie is to blame and therefore do not sympathise with him and his inability to forgive. This demand was savagely declined by Marco who on contrary believes that the only person who should apologise is Eddie for being a snake Animal! You go on your knees to me!† For Edd ie this is the last straw and the only way to reclaim his honour is to kill Marco. But there is now a sense that honour is not the main priority and this is a hatred and revenge crime. In the concluding scenes the tension reaches boiling point and Eddie lunges with the knife. Marco grabs his arm, turning the blade inward and pressing it home as the women and Louis and Mike rush in and separate them, and Eddie, the knife still in his hand, falls to his knees before Marco. The two women support him for a moment, calling his name again and againHe dies in her arms and Beatrice covers him with her body. The use of the public setting confirms that Eddie doesnt care about reputation. It shows how as gender roles would suggest the women are on the side watching on and are not the protagonists. After this act there is a cathartic feeling towards the outcome. Eddie, I never meant to do nothing bad to you. This implies that Eddie for the first time in the play feels guilt and accepts his wron gdoing. †¯ Miller uses†¯fixed gender roles at the beginning of the play, however, this attitude towards women†¯starts to cause friction with the younger generations as the play progresses. This is where†¯the teenager is born and where the black and white of stereotypical roles in society starts to blur. (Women, such as the suffragettes, have started to rebel and†¯gain supporters, †¯even though not directly in America) there is a feeling of a change have tide. †¯There are multiple themes of the play, the different types of coinciding love such as love in the family between Eddie and Catherine colliding with romantic love. This is supported by the brotherly love between Marco and Rodolfo. Then the idea of justice and law over shadows the play because even though there are other issues the undermining thing is the law, which controls everything. Fixed gender roles act as a catalyst of the tension in the household; they provide a point of disagreement, which are used to cover up other emotions. Eddie pointing out Rodolfos lack in manliness was an attempt to cover his jealousy of someone who Catherine could pay more attention to over him. This clash of love between Eddie and Catherine and Catherine and Rodolfo leads to the tension between Eddie and Rodolfo. The love Marco shows for Rodolfo changes it from a case of jealousy to a case of pride of who is right and who controls the house. The house represents the women; whoever has the women s respect and loyalty holds the role of paterfamilias.

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1356 Words

The Crucible, a play by Arthur Miller, depicts the hysteria that came to Salem, Massachusetts, in 1692. Miller attempts to combine the idea of witchcraft illustrating a similar modern day example, called McCarthyism. In the mid twentieth century, Senator John McCarthy, an advocator of the Red Scare, used similar tactics to hunt communists and send them into exile. These communists then used the same defense mechanisms as citizens in Salem, to clear their names and put the liability on someone else. In the play, a young orphan, named Abigail Williams, felt inclined to attack others in order to dismiss the accusations made against her, and she did so successfully. In order to clear her name, Williams framed many people and victimized herself. As a result of her cruel tactics, Abigail is characterized as a selfish, merciless, and destructive villain. Abigail Williams is the antagonist of the play because she manipulates the other young girls, the court judges, and the life of John Proct or through malicious lies. Towards the beginning of the play, Abigail Williams is blamed for sorcery of Elizabeth Proctor in the woods. Williams and many other girls, were seen by Reverend Parris, dancing and singing in the woods after dark. When Betty Parris, a child who was also in the woods, does not wake the next morning, her father, Reverend Parris, believes it was because of witchcraft practices from the previous night. Abigail is at fault, however she successfully diverts the blame onto aShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegati ons were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Purita ns during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. 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The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie nces

The Battle of Palo Alto

Essay on Mental Health Care Assessment - 1321 Words

For confidentiality (NMC, 2008) purposes, patients’ real names will not be used. Introduction Within this essay, I will reflect and critically analyse an OSCE which has increased my awareness, or challenged my understanding, in assessing the holistic needs of a service user (John), referred by his GP, whilst incorporating a care plan using the Care Programme Approach (CPA). By utilising this programme and other sources of current literature, I hope to demonstrate my knowledge and understanding in relation to this skill as well as identifying areas with scope for learning. In practice, there are other assessment tools such as†¦.which I could have used but the CPA is a recommended National Standard Framework for Mental Health, introduced†¦show more content†¦Although sometimes constraints make it impossible to choose a perfect setting, it is important to, where possible, consider privacy. Privacy is one of the keys to good communication, as the client is likely to be disclosing information of a confidential and sensitive nature (Argyle 1998). Interview On entering the room I greeted and introduced myself to John who in turn introduced himself to me. He stated that, he was happy to meet me. When two people are offering their names to each other they are respectively also offering themselves, which indicates an openness and readiness to talk and share with each other (Sundeen et al 1998; McCabe 2004). Shives Isaacs (2002) state that this encourages patients to communicate perceptions, fears, anxieties, frustrations, expectations and increase dependency needs. Walsh Clarke (2009) acknowledge that without being able to engage with the service user many opportunities will be lost, reducing the chance to help the SU quickly and facilitate early interventions. I presented as being pleasant, smiling and relaxed. 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In past models, for instance the medical model, the approach was straightforward and neglected the patients active involvement in their care; the patient was viewed as the passive recipient and the doctor, an active agent that â€Å"fixed† their patients. ( source). New developed models since then, such as the biopsychosocial model, show us that care focuses on many factors. The model demonstrates understanding of how suffering, disease, and illness can be associated by many factors seen atRead MoreEssay On Mental Health Treatment Program1560 Words   |  7 PagesProgram Structure This Mental Health treatment program and/ or organization focus on co-occurring diagnosis and structures to develop co-occurring disorder treatment services. This program is a non-profit, privately owned organization. It provides social services in Miami, FL. 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The nation went from 643Read MoreIs Hospital Admissions For Adults With A Learning Disability?1667 Words   |  7 PagesPrior to The Department of Health report â€Å"Transforming care† (DH,2014) I had not thought that hospital admissions could be perceived as restrictive practice and was not aware of the potential legislation put in place to safeguard vulnerable adults and the health inequalities faced by adults with a learning disability (Emerson, Baines, 2010). I have been more involved in decision making by following the Transforming care program which focuses on providing the best care for adults with a learning disability

The Benefits Of Reading Out Loud - 858 Words

The Benefits of Reading Out Loud to Your Children Being read to out loud as a child is something I remember very well. However, I would have never thought that being read to was not only fun but very beneficiary as well. Being read to out loud is a memory many parents have from their childhood and is one passed on to their children as well. This is something every child should get to experience in their lifetime, it helps prepare them for school, strengthens their ability to bond, and helps children learn to speak correctly. When a parent sends their child to school for the first time they want their child to be successful. Reading out loud to your child will definitely enhance your child’s chances of success early in school. Reading out loud leads to success in school because it teaches your children how to comprehend what is being read to them. How can something as simple as reading out loud to your child help them comprehend what is being read to them? A great example was given by Kelly Hoggan â€Å"The story reader and children engage in the joint act of reading and talking to share a storybook’s meanings† (Hoggan, The Magic of `Once Upon a Time : Narrative Teaching Strategies.). These precious moments of reading and having conversations with your child is what start the foundation of success in school. Reading out loud to you children also helps them with their problem solving abilities. This will benefit them greatly when being sent to school for the first time. ThisShow MoreRe latedReading Comprehension Issues Can Negatively Impact Math Performance1046 Words   |  5 PagesReading disabilities or reading comprehension issues can negatively impact math performance. In this lesson we will discuss the importance of connecting reading abilities with math so that students can benefit from a different approach to the subject. !!! Connecting Math and Reading â€Å"I don’t understand math.†, ‘’I hate word problems.†, â€Å"I don’t even know what the problem is asking!† If you are a math teacher, surely you have heard these comments, or some variation, from students more often thanRead MoreStudy Habits Can Improve Your Grades Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagesends. That could benefit or hurt your study habits and note taking. Also bad study habits could result in not knowing how to study. Studying is not just reading out loud it’s about comprehending what you read. Ask yourself questions, write about what you read, or tell someone what you read. Doing so can improve your memory of what you read up to 85% instead of just 15%. You can also survey what you are about to read. Surveying is essentially understands what you are reading. Basically you canRead MoreReading Comprehension Is A Cognitive And Mental Problem Solving Process1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe reading process is a cognitive and mental problem solving process of decoding symbols so children can derive or construct the meaning of reading comprehension. The reading process is a means of language, communication, and the sharing of ideas and information. Comprehension is when children have the ability to understand or get meaning from the texts they read. With reading comprehension children will benefit greatly when explicit instruction is used. By doing this children can learn how to applyRead MoreEssay on Learning Outcome 4 Assessment Criteria 4.4, 4.2, 4.3908 Words   |  4 Pageswhich we were going to read, I instructed each child to read 3 pages each......whilst each child read out loud the other children needed to follow each line as it was read. Before they started reading as a group I encouraged the children to discuss what had happened so far to describe each of the characters etc. Once I was clear and felt that each of the children had participated we started reading. The first Child read.......I tried to encourage him to speak up a little so that the others withinRead MoreLife Of Our Time As A Student1747 Words   |  7 Pagesthat I’ll be working with.† (Written Discussion of Roles) This worry is one that lingered throughout the semester. During orientation someone once said: â€Å"you can’t hurt, you can only help. No matter what you do, you will always do something that benefits the student – even if it’s just having them read their work aloud!† As the semester progressed, I quickly began to understand the wisdom behind their words. 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Sue loves when her teacher read aloud to her. When the teacher is reading, she is attentive. When I read aloud to her I notice she was asking me questions about things that she was unsure of about within the text. According to the Primary Reading Survey, a surveyRead MoreTypes Of Techniques Used By Different Learners1660 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Study groups types are different types of techniques used by different learners, both in and out of school that are in place to maximize the results of the students. These techniques relate to the character of the learner and thus making studying easier and more enjoyable. There are in total seventy one learning styles, but four are identified at school level: visual, auditory, kinaesthetic and read-and-write. After taking the Learning style assessment task, I was placed in the auditoryRead MoreThe Perception Of A Shaded Reality1219 Words   |  5 Pagesspecific subject that I believe I have catered to my whole life is reading and sometimes writing. My current English professor had taken this broader definition of literacy and made it into our first assignment. Possessing a love for English and the art of reading and writing, I did not sweat the fact we had a paper to write. It may just seem as if I’m telling you a certain situation I am in at the time; however, my love for reading and broadening my vocabulary has helped me more than in a classroomRead MoreTeacher-Researcher Review: Questions on Mays Case Study1147 Words   |  5 Pagesinquiry journey? What insights did May gain about her inquiry topic through her readings? In what ways might Mays readings inform how she will collect data for her study? A thorough literature review offers May an opportunity to learn from other teacher-researchers in similar school settings. The tips and tactics gained will prove invaluable to her in her own action research. The knowledge gained from the readings expose May to more unorthodox strategies that she may not have previously considered

Modern Poverty And Economic Inequality Essay - 1200 Words

The United States of America: the land of the free and the home of the impoverished. In a country where 47 million of its citizens fall below the alleged poverty line, there is an obvious dire urge for social reform. As Mark Rank stated in his book, Rethinking American Poverty (page 19), â€Å"between ages of 20 and 75, nearly 60 percent of Americans will experience at least one year below the poverty line.† Poverty in America has reached a feverish high. Readings of O’Connor, Rank, Wacquant, Fording, Soss, Schram, Katz, Iceland, and Gans adequately summated the topic of modern poverty and economic inequality in the United States. From analyzing the poverty line to evaluating how our neoliberal-paternalistic society effects the less affluent, it is important to develop a fresh mentality to properly frame poverty as an urgent social problem. In order to better understand and conceptualize the epidemic of poverty, it is imperative to identify the flaws in popular concept ualizations of poverty. In Michael Katz’s article, The Undeserving Poor: From the War on Poverty to the War on Welfare, he addresses how America tends to think of poverty as a â€Å"them† problem (page 236). Instead of individualizing the topic of poverty, the country should be thinking about it as an â€Å"us† problem. Less affluent citizens are out of the loop. Katz described them as, â€Å"strangers to be pitied or despised, helped or punished, ignored or studied, but rarely full citizens.† This is an interesting way toShow MoreRelatedThe Inequality Trap : Fighting Capitalism Instead Of Poverty1486 Words   |  6 Pagesrights, gender equality, poverty, or medicine, there are individuals around the globe looking for ways to improve our society and those who are merely making suggestions on how to improve it. Published in 2015, William Watson’s book The Inequality Trap: Fighting Capitalism Instead of Poverty is full of analysis and suggestion on what humanity can do to create a more equal society. The book glides through a series of arguments that attempt to conclude that the issues of inequality in our society are broughtRead MoreEconomic and Social Costs of Inequality in Australia785 Words   |  4 PagesAnalyse the economic and social costs and benefits of inequality in distribution of income in Australia. Income inequality describes the extent to which income is distributed unevenly among residents of an area. High levels of inequality indicate that a small number of people receive most of the total income, and that most people receive only a small share of the total. There are many advantages and disadvantages associated with the inequitable distribution of income. 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I will argue that although our nation prides itself on its equality and freedom; in reality we do not hold up these values and are faced with inequality and imbalance. The modern American class system outlines many of the inequalities that plague our nation. In a country that prides itself on equality, there is a lot of evidence that point to social stratificationRead MoreThe Undeserving and Deserving Poor Structure1065 Words   |  5 Pagespermeated the public and political lexicon, there are few debates that evoke such passion as that of the underclass. Karl Marx tabled the idea of the lumpen proletariat, yet in the modern era, the concept did not take hold in Britain until 1989. Today, the debate focuses on whether frictional forces create a continuum of inequality, or whether a defined underclass does exist. The question asks if poor people belong in a separate underclass, which is a vague definition. 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As Joseph Stiglitz has explained, many theories that are seen as strongly Republican, such as the trickle-down effect, has caused the rich to take money from the poor, and as a result the lower class grows and the middle class disintegrates. The top 1 percent of America’s households currently holds 30

Case Project Application

Question: Please write the application to case project description, needs, business case. Answer: MFB or the Metropolitan Fire and Emergency Services Board is an organization with a Victorian origin to fight fires and create a safe community. Covered by the Metropolitan Fire Brigades Act 1958, the MFB provides emergency responses in case of fire outbursts and offers security, suppression measures and preventive measures to over 4 million Melbourne residents. The basic objective is to save lives, environment and property. ( MFB, 2015-2018) Annually almost 3.3million fires are reported with over 30 thousand deaths occurring in the entire world. Fires are a persistent issue in the country of Australia. It has taken the toll on lives of its residents and also on the countrys economy. Alone in Australia fires lead to almost 100 deaths and over 3000 injuries each year. The total loss cost wise incurred is around AUD $12 billion. This is 1.3% of the GDP in the country. The urban areas are most affected as the proximity of buildings are close. One of the main challenges faced by the firefighting team of MFB here is to prioritize these accidents and prevent the fire from spreading and causing further damage to life and property. ( MFB, 2015-2018) Appropriateness of Methodology The methodology opted by the MFB is standard and unique. Years of real time experience has made them proficient in choosing the right technique for ceasing fire and saving lives. Some of areas covered by them are. What to do after a fire, Emergency medical response, Total fire ban safety, Home safety, Safety programs, Melbourne bushfire and grassfire risks, vehicle, boats, portable gas heaters, Prevention of burns. All these addressed make sure the community is safe after a fire. ( Anonymous 2009) Case project description, needs, business case It is unknown why there are fire risks associated with hoardings. It is found that elderly people who are living alone suffers from a mental condition called OCD or obsessive compulsive disorder. They like hoarding things to them. It has the risk associated with fire in many ways. Some of the commonly hoarded items in a house are letters, clothes, bills, books, stationeries and magazines. These are quite combustible in nature. On account of a fire in a house these act as a fuel. MFB took up this project and found information about the people affected by real life fire incidents due to hoarding and quantified the pattern in between these incidents. These data collected were used by MFB and similar fire fighting organizations to enhance awareness, identify the primary causes, triggers and create safety measures to prevent them.(Lucini 2009) Data collection At present no standard methods are used by the MFB for collecting data or for reporting any incident of hoarding. The National base for collecting data is post incident data accumulation. Since there is no specific area where the hoarding can be acquainted for so there are nonspecific way to collect data. They depend on varied formal and informal methodologies. (Collapse, 2012) Risk, complexities, uncertainties and opportunities The risks involved are high in this profession. Here are some of the common risks. The complexities and uncertainties of human life and property loss is high in areas like Melbourne. After fire risk After a fire many times it becomes a risky situation to stay in the same place. MFB Fire officer in charge will be declaring whether it is safe to stay or not after thorough inspection. Bushfire and grassfire risks The area Melbourne is close by parks, reserves, open grasslands, bush or paddocks. During summer there are high risks of forest fires occurring in these regions. Areas like the parks, beaches, reserves and riverside fires are a great risk for human life here. Risk Analysis The different kind of risks faced by MFB are both from the perspective of the locals as well as global. Both these areas continue to provide new challenges to the main business. A tool used for analysis is the Phoneix Rapidfire modeling system.It is a part of the emergency planning process. Initially it was used as a tool for research in the year 2006 at University of Melbourne. From 2008. it gained recognition. Today it can stimulate the potential risks of fire spread efficiently.( Norris, 2014) Qualitative risk Risk from fire ( Can be bush fire or fire from either structures or non structures Any incident which is hazardous Automatic alarm system and response Road Accident Rescue system Any Emergency Medical responses Any other incidents like High Angle Rescue, Urban search rescue or marine response. Discussion of risk and classification Aging workforce A major portion of the workforce is aged. They will be retiring in the next 5 years times. Hence a large portion of experience will be gone from the organization. For the sake of the service obligations MFB has to maintain efficiency in its team no matter what. Expectation changes Expectation of the community is always changing. In terms of communication and emergency reporting, warnings technology, local information everything is changing. MFB needs to cater to these changing situations. Population The Metropolitan District is increasing in population day by day. Risk response By understanding the risk environments MFB is planning product delivery for mitigating these risks. Organisational resilience development and creating adaptive business model helps respond to the sector within the community. Recommendations One HNS or Hoarding Notification System to be promoted continuously by the MFB along with other external agencies. The safety of neighbors and occupants must be measured better. Two MFB and WPI both have recommended that AIRS must bring a change. For example a drop down box inclusion for CIR or Clutter Image Rating. Hence this will increase reporting of hoarding events. Three -FireServices and MFB must work collaboratively for developing information about hoardings,risks, identification of such risks and report through AIR box. Four If high amount of reports are coming in then consideration must be given to the drop down informations. (Homchenko, 2014) Constraints The cost is significant and it is the biggest constraint for MFB at present. Resources are continuously getting consumed. They are also aware of the risks from non conforming items which sometimes becomes an obligation for the MFB. Conclusion Studies show almost 80% of the LGA or the local government areas have one hoarding at least or an incident of squalor in their locations. Hence it gives a confirmation that these incidents are not bounded by geographical locations. They can happen anywhere. Studies made in year 2012 concluded that most of these incidents took place in standalone abodes. MFB hence, continues to fetch any opportunity it gets that can engage the stakeholders for further developing the various responses and practices. These stakeholders engaged will be the provider of valuable information. They will also provide the best possible information found in the industry. Hence overall the people affected by squalor or hoarding will be hugely benefitted by such information of MFB References MFB (2015-2018), A world class fire and emergencyservice, Dtpli.vic.gov.au Anonymous (2009), Community, Mfbc.vic.gov.au Colpas Emily (2012), Analysis of Hoarding Fire Incidents and MFB Organisational Response, Wpi.edu Lucini G ( 2009), Analysis of Fire Incidents Involving Hoarding Households, Web.cs.edu Homchenko M (2014), An Analysis of Hoarding and Squalor Related Incidents and Responses by the Metropolitan Fire and Emergency Services Board, Melbourne MFB (2012), Strategic and Business Plan, mfb.gov.au Anonymous (2014), Construction Fire Norris J (2014), State Planning for Fire